Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) structures fabricated with titanium nodes have emerged as promising agents for a wide range of applications. These materials display exceptional structural properties, including high surface area, tunable band gaps, and good stability. The remarkable combination of these attributes makes titanium-based MOFs highly po

Nanoparticles have emerged as innovative materials in various fields, including biomedical applications. Conversely, the potential toxicity of these nanoparticles remains a pressing concern. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), a specialized type of nanoparticle capable of converting near-infrared light to visible light, have gained considerable att